Enhancing
Treatment Effectiveness: The following is an outline to a presentation given at the Utah Domestic Violence Council's 11th Annual Domestic Violence Treatment Conference. Word and PDF versions are also available.
The potential contribution of Action Methods (sociometry and psychodrama) for addressing healing the trauma and pain of victims and perpetrators of domestic violence is largely untapped. “Psychodrama has been less used within the field of traumatic stress than other therapeutic approaches” (Kellerman & Hudgins, 2000, p. 13). However, “…experiential psychotherapy is being increasingly recommended as a viable treatment alternative for trauma survivors” (Kellerman & Hudgins, 2000, p. 12). In her recent (March 4, 2005) Counseling Workshop at BYU, “Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Dissociation: A Treatment Overview and Update,” Christine Courtois recommended using psychodrama as an important part of a PTSD treatment program. Many symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) “… are unconscious, non-verbal, right-brained experiences that cannot in fact be accessed through talk therapy” (Kellerman & Hudgins, 2000, p.12). This workshop will identify (and demonstrate) how psychodrama can be used “as a powerful method of restraint and reintegration” as well as “expression and catharsis” (Kellerman & Hudgins, 2000, p. 15). It can serve to address the very symptoms of PTSD, to facilitate developmental repair, to provide structures for safe re-enactment of the horror of core trauma scenes, and to promote control, containment, and stability.
1. Participants will be able to identify how psychodrama can serve to address the very symptoms of PTSD. 2. Participants will be able to identify how psychodrama can facilitate developmental repair. 3. Participants will be able to identify how psychodrama can be used to provide structures for safe re-enactment of the horror of core trauma scenes. 4. Participants will be able to identify how psychodrama can be used to promote control, containment, and stability.
1. Participants will be able to describe how psychodrama was used to address the very symptoms of PTSD. 2. Participants will be able to describe how psychodrama was used to facilitate developmental repair. 3. Participants will be able to describe how psychodrama was used to provide structures for safe re-enactment of the horror of core trauma scenes. 4. Participants will be able to describe how psychodrama was used to promote control, containment, and stability. Participation Agreements: 1. As a condition of attending these sessions attendees are asked to commit to keeping confidentiality. Part of these sessions (especially the second one) may consist of addressing personal material of one or more of the participants. If you cannot commit to honoring the confidentiality of what we do here please do not attend. 2. As a condition of attending these sessions (especially the second one) attendees are asked to participate in the experiential exercises only to the degree that they are comfortable. They understand that these experiential methods are powerful vicariously, that is, just observing can have a significant impact. If you have questions or concerns in this regard, please discuss these with the presenter. He will be available before and after the sessions. 3. There shall be no contact in terms of physical violence in any way. 4. Attendees are encouraged to wear clothes in which they would be comfortable moving around, sitting on the floor, etc., and to avoid wearing jewelry that could become snagged or entangled should they volunteer to participate in an enactment. About the Presenter: Rob Pramann, Ph.D., C.G.P., T.E.P., is the Director of Shepherd's Staff Training in Psychodrama in Sandy, Utah. His practice with psychodrama has included a wide variety of populations and settings. Rob also has special interest and expertise in the treatment of trauma related disorders. He is a psychologist and also certified as a Group Psychotherapist, a Trainer, Educator and Practitioner of Psychodrama, and in Clinical Hypnosis. He is a member of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation and the coordinator of their local component group, "The Wasatch Front Professional Study Group." In addition he is a member of the Utah Critical Incident Stress Management Team. Recently he was appointed to the auxiliary faculty of the University of Utah as an Adjunct Instructor in Psychiatry. In addition to providing an active psychodrama training program, Rob provides supervision and consultation regarding psychodrama and psychological trauma related disorders. Information about his current psychodrama trainings can be found at: http://www.ssccc.com/psychodrama1.htm
B. Scene setting
C. Prescriptive roles (Hudgins, 2000, p. 236-239).
D. Doubling VI.
Promotion of control, containment, and stability
B. Specific recommendations Altman, K. P. (2000). Psychodramatic treatment of Dissociative Identity Disorder. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 176186). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Baim, C. (2000). Time’s distorted mirror: Trauma work with adult male sex offenders. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 155-175). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Blatner, A. (2000). Psychodramatic methods for facilitating bereavement. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 41-50). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Bouza, M.F. and Espina Barrio, J. A. (2000). Brief psychodrama and bereavement. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 51-59). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Briere, J. (2002) Treating adult survivors of severe childhood abuse and neglect: Further development of an integrative model. In J.E.B. Myers, L. Berliner, J. Briere, C.T. Hendrix, T. Reid, & C. Jenny (Eds.) The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment, 2nd Edition. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Also available on line at http://johnbriere.com/STM.pdf Burmeister, J. (2000). Psychodrama with survivors of traffic accidents. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 198-225). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Carlson-Sabelli, L., Sabelli, H., and Hale, A. E. (1994). Sociometry and sociodynamics. In P. Holmes, M. Karp, and M. Watson (Eds), Psychodrama since Moreno: Innovation in theory and practice. New York: Routledge. Dayton, T. (2000). The use of psychodrama in the treatment of trauma and addiction. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 114-136). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Herman, J. (1992). Trauma and recovery. New York: Basic Books. Hudgins, M.K. (2000). The therapeutic spiral model: Treating PTSD in action. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 229-254). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Karp, M. (2000). The psychodrama of rape and torture: A sixteen-year follow-up. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 63-82). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Karp, M. (1991). Psychodrama and piccalilli: Residential treatment of a sexually abused adult. In P. Holmes & M. Karp (Eds.), Psychodrama: Inspiration and technique. (pp. 95-113). New York: Routledge. Kellerman, F. K. (1992). Focus on psychodrama: The therapeutic aspects of psychodrama. Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Kellerman, P.F. (2000). The therapeutic aspects of psychodrama with traumatized people. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 23-38). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Leutz, G. A. (2000). Appearance and treatment of dissociative states of consciousness in psychodrama. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 187-197). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Marineau, R. F. (1989). Jacob Levi Moreno, 1889-1974. New York: Routledge. Moreno, J. L. (1953). Who Shall Survive? Foundations of Sociometry, Group Psychotherapy and Psychodrama. Beacon, NY: Beacon House. Moreno, J. L. & Moreno, Z. T. (1969) Psychodrama, Volume 3: Action Therapy and Principles of Practice. Beacon: Beacon House. Robson, M. (2000). Psychodrama with adolescent sexual offenders. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 137-154). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Røine, E. (2000). The use of psychodrama with trauma victims. In P. F. Kellerman, & M. K. Hudgins (Eds.), Psychodrama with trauma survivors: Acting out your pain. (pp. 83-96). Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. White,
L. (2002). The action manual: Techniques for enlivening group process
and individual counselling. Toronto, Canada: Author. www.lizwhiteinaction.com
Comprehensive
Searchable Bibliography of Psychodrama (over 5,000 references)
– http://asgpp.org/02ref/
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